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Oil pollution in the Ruweng region is causing alarming birth defects, miscarriages, and fertility issues, raising fears of long-term population decline.

The Ruweng region of South Sudan, rich in oil reserves, is facing a severe public health and environmental crisis. Multiple reports and investigations have linked toxic contamination from oil operations to a surge in birth defects, miscarriages, and declining fertility among women:

Environmental Contamination

• Open waste pits and poorly managed oil infrastructure have led to widespread pollution of water and soil.

• Toxic chemicals and heavy metals such as mercury, manganese, and arsenic have been detected in the environment.

• These contaminants are suspected to be leaching into drinking water and agricultural land, directly affecting human health.

 Birth Defects and Maternal Health

• Children in Ruweng have been born with deformed limbs, exposed intestines, kidney swelling, and other abnormalities.

• Local health workers and officials have recorded multiple cases of infant deformities in recent years, with some children dying shortly after birth.

• Women report difficulty conceiving, increased miscarriages, and stillbirths, suggesting a broader reproductive health crisis.

 Population Impact

• If current trends continue, Ruweng’s population could decline significantly within two decades, as fewer children are born and infant mortality rises.

• The lack of proper healthcare infrastructure and environmental safeguards exacerbates the crisis.

 Government and Industry Response

• Although the Ministry of Petroleum has launched an investigation, critics argue that oil companies and government officials have long ignored or buried reports on pollution.

• Local leaders and lawmakers have summoned national ministers to explain the lack of regulation and oversight.

• There is growing pressure for environmental audits, stricter safety standards, and community compensation.

⚠️ Urgent Needs

• Independent environmental assessments and transparent reporting.

• Medical support and monitoring for affected families.

• Policy reforms to enforce environmental safety and protect public health